The Blogg

The conference proper started Tuesday morning at 8:30 with an opening ceremony and then an interesting invited talk by Leslie Pack Kaelbling encouraging a greater role for reasoning about and updating belief states as an underlying model for robotics. Unfortunately, I filtered out some of it because it inspired some ideas about probabilistic planning that I had to explore in my mind before I forgot them. Then I went to an IAAI invited talk by Jay Tenenbaum about his efforts to apply artificial intelligence to the field of cancer treatments. Essentially, he is building a very large database of how different treatments affect people, indexed by the subtype of their malignancy and, when available, the full genetic code of the tumor. This has already led to some surprising results where a drug that had been known to be effective in one rare subtype of melanoma was found to also be effective in a more common subtype of cancer of another organ. His premise is that cancers are highly individual, and thus that to find similar cases to a new patient we need to look beyond the experience of their individual physician. It sounds like a great and potentially achievable goal, though I shall have to discuss this with my wife (who is a resident in a family medicine program).

Then I went to a session on Search. The first two papers were well-presented and very accessible for someone who has thought about search problems but not done any serious research on them. The third may have been good, but the presenter spoke softly and did not carry a big stick, so I did not bother paying attention.

For lunch I met one of my co-authors at Goodfella’s Pizza across the street from the conference venue to tighten up the presentation of our work that I will be giving on Thursday. Our discussions were fruitful, but the service at the restaurant was positively awful. We both ordered sandwiches, and they were not ready for 45 minutes. Mine might have been a bit understandable as I ordered in the midst of a crowd of conference attendees that had mobbed the place at the same time. But he ordered after it had mostly cleared out, and was still waiting long after the restaurant was practically deserted. Did I mention that I ordered a fried chicken breast sandwich and got sliced turkey instead?

After lunch was a broad invited talk about General Game Playing. I did not find it particularly informative since I have already done some work in that area, but it did inspire me to try to find some time to do more with it. I spent the rest of the afternoon at sessions for the first AAAI Symposium on Educational Advances in Artificial Intelligence. I do hope *someday* to be offered a teaching job in which this sort of information might be useful. All of the presentations were interesting, but I was especially impressed by the first one I saw, about using projects based on the Pacman domain to teach a broad swath of AI techniques in a way that is fun and lets students implement algorithms without having to write or understand all of the boilerplate code around it. Given the opportunity, I will definitely be trying to use this.

At the end of the day there was a student reception scheduled. I was not in the mood for schmoozing with strangers (nor am I ever, really), so I showed up but only stayed long enough to verify that no one else was interested in taking the initiative to get to know me. There is a Hard Rock Cafe in that area. I had kind of wanted to go there since I have never been to one and I am, in fact a fan of hard rock. I assumed it would be too noisy for the kind of meal where you want to have serious conversation with your dinner-mates, so this seemed an ideal time to try it. I think they should rename themselves to the “Popular Music Cafe”, as their music and memorabilia span all types of modern music. The music (which contrary to my expectations, can barely be heard above the clatter and chatter of diners) came from concert footage and music videos shown on various screens. I saw many genres of music: funk (Kool & The Gang), rock & roll (Bruce Springsteen), pop (Billy Joel), but only one song by a hard rock band, and perhaps their song that rocks the least hard (“Why Can’t This Be Love”). The memorabilia hanging on the wall included pieces from such hard rockers as Sheryl Crow, John Lennon, Willie Nelson, and even Ella Fitzgerald and Branford Marsalis. So yeah … The food was good.

Allow me to explain another travel annoyance, how MARTA managed to weasel an extra $0.50 from me. (The horror!) The system for accepting payment for transit is that you buy either a plastic card for $5.00 or a cardboard ticket for $0.50, either of which has an RFID tag (I presume) that is read when you tap it at a subway or bus entrance. These cards/tickets are purchased from vending machines, at which you are also able to add value of various types to the card/ticket — a single trip fare, a daily unlimited ride pass, a certain amount of cash, etc. Nothing unusual so far, except that you have to pay for the media. Although it is not a bargain if most days you will be making a single round trip, I desired to purchase a weekly unlimited ride pass for convenience. The vending machine only offered 1-4 day passes, so I bought a 4 day and assumed I would reload more value onto it later.

Tuesday night on my way home I tried to reload my ticket, since my 4 days would be ending at whatever they counted as the end of the day. The vending machine happily accepted my request to reload value onto my ticket and displayed a menu of the various types of value that can be added. However, none of the buttons for any of these menu selections did anything. I asked a MARTA employee who was emptying trash cans if he knew anything about the vending machines, and he tried the same things I had, then told me that tickets cannot be reloaded. Although this was obviously not true, I consented to purchase a second ticket for the next two days.

Wednesday morning I woke up to some frightening news: my advisor had sent an email at 3:00 saying he was in the emergency room. I called some hospitals and found the one he was at, where they promised to have him call me. (Thankfully, I suppose HIPAA does not cover whether or not someone is a patient, or there is an exception for ongoing emergency care.) An hour later I found out that he had experienced difficulty breathing, was having tests done, and did not want me to come in.

I had missed the plenary session, but went to the last half day of EAAI. The first part of this was a talk on incorporating active learning. I had already seen something very similar in the Lehigh Teacher Development Series, but it was a good reminder. We then split into groups to put this into practice devising strategies for teaching different topics in AI. Glancing through the names of the people in my group, I realized that one of them was a faculty member with whom I had had a telephone interview at Washington & Jefferson college. I tried to make a joke about their having not hired me, but I fear she may have interpreted it as genuine bitterness. I suppose it does not really matter. After this was a panel session among experienced educators, which was also somewhat useful.

I found some familiar faces with whom to eat lunch, then saw an invited talk about designing agent interface mechanisms (such as auctions and voting) in such a way that no agent can gain an advantage by misrepresenting their true desires. I lacked some necessary background, but the problem and examples at least were interesting. Then was the first AAAI session that was actually about topics peripherally related to my work. The first two talks were good, but I did not hear much of the third one because I received a voicemail from my advisor’s wife saying that they were keeping him overnight and that he had a favor to ask me.

I tried calling his room in the hospital for 40 minutes, getting either busy signals as he talked with others or endless ringing as he was being seen by the staff, then decided to just go to the hospital and hope they would let me in to see him. They did, and from my perspective the nurses and other staff at Emory University Hospital Midtown were really exceptionally helpful and friendly.

The diagnosis was pneumonia. I did not get a report on the etiology, but the antibiotics they had been giving him seemed to be working. They were holding him in 23-hour observation with intentions to release him at some point the next day unless he took a turn for the worse. We visited for a few hours with another colleague and friend who planned out how to divide the responsibilities that Dr. Munoz-Avila had had at ICCBR-10 the following week (and would not be attending, to try to rest and recover). About 8:00pm I left to give him a chance to try at sleeping, and ended up doing just that myself quite early.

Thursday morning I skipped the plenary invited talk to instead check how my slides looked on a projector, and found that the figures were virtually illegible from the back of the room. After adjusting them appropriately I went to an IAAI invited talk by science fiction author Vernor Vinge. He talked about the technological singularity as an emergence of intelligence so superior to that of current humans that it can only be compared to the separation of Homo Sapiens from the rest of the animal kingdom. I am rather a skeptic on this topic, but he was interesting to listen to.

Then I went to the first session on planning, where there were two good talks and one that I did not really pay attention to. The group that I joined for lunch wanted to visit a Vietnamese noodle restaurant, so I bravely tried Pho. It was edible, but I have no desire to eat it again. The soup contains very long noodles that are nearly impossible to collect on a spoon. I tried imitating the use of chopsticks by my fellow diners, but that was mostly a comedy of errors.

The second planning session was after lunch, and I again greatly enjoyed the first two talks and struggled to focus on the third. Then there was a session specifically on planning under uncertainty. These were somewhat further afield from my ability to really understand what is going on, but still interesting. I got an email from my advisor that he had been released and was at the airport ready to head home.

The very final session of the day was the one in which I would be presenting. Although the first talk in it was somewhat planning related, it seemed to be a mixture of whatever was left after filling the more focused sessions. My presentation went ok, though midway through I forgot how I intended to use an example and had to move on without explaining it. The questions afterward were insightful and I was mostly able to answer them, and no one was jumping up and down saying that what we had done was stupid or had been studied 20 years earlier.

I rested a bit in my room before packing up, but got to the airport around 8:30pm. My flight would not be leaving until 6:00am, but I would not be able to get enough sleep overnight for it to seem worthwhile paying to stay in my room another night. I planned to check in and doze / read / game at the gate through the night.

There was no one at the U. S. Airways check-in desk, so I started to use one of their self-check-in terminals. After it determined who I was, it informed me that I would not be allowed to check-in more than 8 hours before my flight time. Annoying, but I could sit on the floor and read for an hour and a half. A few minutes after 10:00 there were still no ticket agents, so I attempted to use an automated terminal again. At some point in the meantime, however, they had all been shut down.

I asked a passing security officer if there was ever anyone at the ticket counter, and he said only from around 4:00am until 6:00pm. So rather than resting comfortably at the gate, I spent the night sitting outside the security zone, watching my luggage to make sure no one walked off with it. How can the busiest airport in the country be effectively closed down for 10 hours each day? I was *not* happy. I’ll let you guess whether or not the Atlanta airport has free wireless Internet access available.

I found a seat on the floor near a power outlet and kept myself awake playing a game of Civilization IV until 4:00am, when I checked in and got to my gate around 4:40am. I tried sleeping here, but that did not really work. I did doze through most of the uncomfortable flight. Back in Philadelphia I caught up on some more reading and wrote most of this entry while waiting 2 hours for my flight back to Williamsport.

The final leg of my journey was on a prop plane, which was a first for me. I was expecting to find the experience somewhat different from those on jet-powered vehicles, but this was not really the case. Sadly, I did not have the opportunity to fight a Nazi while dancing around the spinning craft’s propellers. Home, sweet home! I got back to Williamsport around 1:00pm, and slept for all but about 3 hours until 8:00am the next morning. I have never felt so refreshed in my life. My only regret is that through 6 days in Georgia I did not see a single peach or peach-based dish for sale, and so I never ate one.

Sunday I had no official responsibilities (there was an interesting workshop being held, but I would have had to pay an additional registration fee or sneak in unnoticed to attend), so I decided to be a tourist of sorts. My primary objective was the Atlanta History Center, but since it did not open until noon on Sundays I had plenty of morning to kill. I left my room around 10:00 en route to Sublime Doughnuts since I saw it on a map and have a special place in my stomach for artisan-quality doughnuts. On the way I saw much of the Georgia Tech campus, which is rather more extensive than Lehigh (though thankfully much flatter as well). The most interesting quality of the Sublime doughnut (I splurged on a Honey-Glazed Cinnamon Swirl and a Yin Yang Twist) is their extreme fluffiness. I think I prefer my doughnuts more thick and chewy, but it was an interesting taste: better than mass-produced Dunkin’ Donuts but in no way able to help me forget the loss of Sunrise Valley Donuts.

After much waiting around I took a bus back to the main subway line and a train to the Westin Peachtree Plaza Hotel, where I picked up my conference materials. While parts of the METRA train lines are at ground level and others are even elevated, the Peachtree station is ridiculously far below ground level. Then I took the train, another bus, and a good long walk to the Atlanta History Center, arriving around 1:30. In the four hours before closing I was able to see only the Metropolitan Frontiers and Turning Point: The American Civil War exhibits, and had to rush through the end of the latter. The exhibit was a good, thorough survey of the war, but for someone who is already familiar with American history in broad strokes, I would have much appreciated a greater focus on the Battle of Atlanta and the role that Georgia played in the war. Most of the information here, while presented in its own unique way, was the same as any other historical museum that would cover the 1860s. I was disappointed to find almost nothing about the Reverend Doctor MLK, Jr., but there is another entire center devoted to his life in the area.

When the museum closed at 5:30 I walked / bussed / subwayed to Underground Atlanta, a commercial district where ground level had been paved over with viaducts such that there are now streets and businesses entirely underneath the heart of the city. I was thinking about stopping at a “real” restaurant for dinner, but obnoxious hawking from the employees at What The Chicken drew me in. (Perhaps this is an Atlanta eatery theme?) Their freshly cut, breaded, and fried chicken fingers were much better than the par-cooked, frozen kind that you can get most places, and the side dishes were good too. After exploring the rest of the subterranean concourse, I subwayed / walked back to my room and got to sleep soon after 9:00pm.

I was volunteering Monday to earn my free conference registration, which involved moving some equipment between various rooms and then collecting tickets at a tutorial that I did not bother trying to follow. Then I spent the late morning and afternoon in a workshop on Goal Directed Autonomy, of which my advisor was a co-organizer. When I arrived, I discovered that he had an upper respiratory infection and could barely speak above a whisper. Thus, I spent the lunch time scrambling to understand his slides and in the afternoon gave two presentations on work that was not mine. All things considered, it went well. The workshop as a whole was interesting; this is not necessarily a new idea but is a new terminology, and just about everyone had their own unique interpretation of what it should mean.

Man, it’s hot as Pennsylvania here! Actually, that’s not even true. Highs here are around 90, while they topped 100 at home much of the last week. Still, it is plenty warm when you are dragging around luggage. I hate travel. Going new places and seeing new things is great, but I am unconvinced that it is worth the hassle of being away from home and the process of getting there. Allow me to illustrate my experiences yesterday:

The first leg of my journey was a short flight from Williamsport to Philadelphia, scheduled to depart at 5:55am. This meant waking up at 5:00am, 4 hours earlier than usual. I attempted to go to bed 4 hours early at 9:00pm the night before, but did not actually manage to fall asleep until a more typical 1:00am. Although we flew through a rainstorm, that first part of the journey was not bad. I arrived at Philadelphia International Airport around 6:50am.

Having a substantial block of time before my connecting flight, departing at 11:50, I called some friends that live in Philly to get some breakfast and hang out. Because getting through airport security can be a slow process, I cut our visit short to be back at the airport at 10:25. Naturally, I was through security and sitting at my gate by 10:40. I dozed in that wondrous state somewhere between fully awake and fully asleep for some time before finding out that my flight was delayed until 1:00pm, and then 1:30pm, due to maintenance issues. Once we had actually boarded the airplane and begun taxiing an hour and forty minutes late, the pilot informed us that air traffic control would not have an open runway for us for the next half hour.

Thus, I arrived in Atlanta sometime after 4:00pm, then walked what seemed like several miles from terminal D to baggage claim. There was apparently an inter-terminal subway that I could have ridden, but the signage was not clear that it would take me where I needed to go. After about half an hour of watching the baggage carousel rotate, everyone I recognized from my flight had taken their bags and left, while mine had never made it onto the belt. I stayed there, hoping that perhaps those bags that had been transferred from another flight would be coming out later, for another 15 minutes until a security officer walked past. When I explained the situation to her, she suggested I visit the U. S. Airways service desk to file notice that it had been lost. At the service desk was a row of bags, one of which was mine. I was unable to get an answer from the attendant as to why my bag was here instead of with the others, but was glad to take it and move on.

I took the MARTA Red Line from the airport station to the North Avenue station, where I followed signs for the exit to street level and found myself on West Peachtree Street NW. I planned to walk around the station until I found North Avenue, but this proved somewhat difficult as I reached 3rd Street NE, then Peachtree Street NE, then Ponce De Leon Avenue NE, then back to Peachtree Street NW. Thankfully someone was able to inform me that North Avenue was on the other side of Ponce De Leon Avenue NE, and when I reached there I found a second exit from the subway station. If there had been informative signs inside, I might have saved myself more than half a mile of confused walking in the heat. Another half mile or so brought me to the North Avenue Apartments West, where after waiting 15 minutes for a housing department employee to show up, I was able to check-in to my room at 6:30pm.

Exhausted by hungry, I visited the main branch of The Varsity. I have an interest in old fast-food establishments that never became national chains and places “iconic in the modern culture” of cities I visit, but more importantly I had passed it on my walk from the subway station to where I was staying. The service there is … interesting. There is no line to speak of for people waiting to place their orders, just a long counter with a dozen or more cash registers and a mass of people milling about in front of them. Thus, no one seems to know when to step up without cutting in front of someone, and employees are screaming “What’ll you have, what’ll you have?” at the top of their lungs every 15 seconds to convince someone to come place an order. The seating arrangements in the restaurant are school desks arranged in rows just like a classroom. I ordered a Glorified Bacon Cheeseburger combo with fries. The burger was not very good, even by fast food standards. The french fries were fresh-cut, which means they were tasty even though they seemed like they had been under a heat lamp for a bit too long.

Following my meal, unpacking, and a quick shower, I managed to be in bed by 8:30pm and slept, with some interruptions, until 6:30am.

The new Double Down “sandwich” from KFC consists of bacon and cheese between two fried (or grilled, but let’s be serious here) chicken fillets. Naturally it has been the butt of jokes and commentary as a prime example of America’s unhealthful, gluttonous lifestyle. Given all of the hype and the fact that fried chicken, bacon, and cheese are among my very favorite foods, I had to give it a try.

I bought the fried variety, without the Colonel’s Special Sauce. (I am always leery of such things; it could be based on mayonnaise or something equally disgusting.) The chicken was surprisingly good, and consisted of an actual cut of meat rather than reconstituted chicken slurry. The bacon was bacon, which means it was amazingly delicious. I was disappointed in the pepper jack cheese, which was spicy yet retained the rubbery look and feel of American cheese-like product. I am glad to have had the experience, but do not expect that I will be eating another one in the near future. Bread does add a certain something to a sandwich, and I think I would rather have one of the fillets with bacon and cheese in a roll.

At 540 calories, this sandwich confirms my thesis that even eating terribly unhealthful foods it is difficult to reach 2000 calories. The sandwich was an entire meal for me, and I do not think the half cherry danish I ate this morning and 1/10 of a pan of lasagna I will eat tonight will contain 3 times as many calories. It does contain nearly half of the daily recommended intake of fat and more than half the recommended intake of sodium, and I am guessing that a large proportion of the fat is saturated. Fortunately, I recently read an article that questions the role of fat in obesity and heart disease.

Like many people, I am upset that last night was the last episode of The Tonight Show with Conan O’Brien, but not because I am outraged over the unfairness of it. It is difficult to feel too sorry for someone who had a dream job, was just handed $35 million, and could have kept his job if he were willing to be flexible about the timeslot. My reasons are much more selfish: for a decade Conan’s show has been a pleasant end to my weekdays. Whether I watch while working, listen while drifting off to sleep, or take a break from whatever I am doing to at least catch the monologue, I have not missed many of his shows. No other late-night show is half as funny.

I was always a bit skeptical of Conan’s move to the Tonight Show from the beginning. So much of his Late Night shtick revolved around the show being run on a shoestring budget and having few viewers. How could that work on the largest comedy stage in daily broadcast? Besides, I knew that the older, more refined audiences at 11:35 would not appreciate his zany antics and surreal humor. Indeed, my mother hates him. Surprisingly he maintained these elements more or less as they had been on Late Night, and unsurprisingly his ratings were bad.

I hope that in September he will be able to get another gig with most of the cast and crew intact. He is the star, but it would not be the same show without Max Weinberg, Mark Pender, Richie “LaBamba” Rosenberg, and the rest of the once-and-future Max Weinberg 7. I am sure the writers and production staff are also more important to the show than I would guess. But no one else is going to give them the kind of budget that NBC did. We will see at that time what kind of man O’Brien is; whether he really loves his craft enough to do it anyway or will be unwilling to work for less than what he perceives as his value.

In the meantime, it would be fantastic if he and his crew took advantage of the fact that their severance pay means they will not need to work for sometime and created free web content for the fans. After watching O’Brien and the band perform Freebird with Billy Gibbons, Beck Hansen, Ben Harper, and Will Ferrell last night and remembering the rockabilly songs that he would perform with the Max Weinberg 7 during the writer’s strike, I would love to see host and band go on tour as a musical act with comedy thrown in for a few months.

Also, it is surprising to me that NBC is and has been for some time the 4th rated television network. Of the weekly shows that I currently make a point of watching when they have new episodes (Law & Order, Law & Order: SVU, Law & Order: Criminal Intent, The Office, Parks And Recreation, Community, House, The Simpons, Family Guy, and American Dad), more than half are NBC shows. In all three places where I have lived I thought the local NBC affiliate had the best evening news program. Even without Conan, they have the best weekday late night programming (Leno is good, just not as good as Conan, and while Jimmy Fallon was awful he is getting better). It cannot live up to its earlier incarnations, but I would still rather watch Saturday Night Live than anything else on Saturday nights. I do not watch much in the way of early morning talk or news magazines, but when I do it is the Today Show and Dateline. The only thing I tune into CBS for is sports events, and I don’t even know what channel our local ABC affiliate is on. Apparently the families surveyed by Neilsen have very different tastes than I do.

If you like hackneyed forms (ballad meter, according to Wikipedia), forced rhymes, embarrassing metaphors, and half-finished work, then you will love this poem that I wrote while unable to sleep last night:

Cursed be the day the beast was born,
In rotting and decay.
Quickly it spread across the land,
Grew stronger ev’ryday.

No climate was too much for it,
Not desert, hill, or glen.
The beast could feed on wheat or rye,
Or roots or fruits or men.

For ten men came to taste the beast,
And nine it filled with glee.
The other thought he ate the beast,
But it consumeth he.

We tried to fight the beast one day,
And drove it from the land.
We could not live without the beast,
And gave in to demand.

The beast was now a part of us,
As heart and skin and bone.
For that orig’nal sin of old,
We all must now atone.

Cursed be the day that old Pandora,
Raised it to her lip.
We cannot kill the beast, my friend,
So come and take a sip.

I have a terrible diet, consisting of fast food, meat, grease, carbohydrates, and so forth. Thus, I have always assumed that I must be eating far more than the 2000 calories per day that is the lower bound of the FDA’s recommended daily allowance and am saved from extreme obesity through a high metabolism. Last month, I set out to test this theory by recording everything I consumed while maintaining my usual eating habits. I took a break from this for a while because I was sick and then forgot about it, but started again last week. Any short period of time is not ideal for drawing large conclusions from because I tend to eat the same thing for a week at a time, but the data that I collected is in the table below.

I was not concerned with making exact measurements, but think my estimates should be close enough. For foods eaten in the home I was able to take nutrition information directly from the labels, and for food from chain restaurants it was available on their websites. When I had no reliable source I estimated from looking at reports of similar items on the web and marked these estimates with an asterisk.

I was quite surprised to find that of the 14 days for which I kept records, I only exceeded 2000 calories 3 times. On an average day in that time span I consumed only 1682 calories, and if I drank water instead of sugary beverages that would drop below 1500. This is not a validation of my eating habits; I do not drink nearly enough fluids, most of what I eat is filled with salt and preservatives, and I am sure a larger fraction of my calories come from fat than any nutritionist would approve of.

Still, it does make me wonder what a person would have to eat in order to hit the 2500 calorie upper bound. I could not eat any more than I already do, so I would need to start replacing other foods with pure fat or start pouring extra sugar into my drinks. I am sure a person who is much larger than me would be able to eat significantly more before feeling full, but these caloric guidelines are for average, healthy people and I myself am overweight. I also wonder how many calories a person gets when seriously dieting. If my cheeseburgers and fried chicken were replaced with a salad, I would think you could drop this average down to around 1000 calories per day.